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ஈசல் | கரையான்கள் | Termite life cycle | Flying Termite or Winged Termite or Alate | Eesal

ஒரு கரையான் குடும்பத்தின் தொடக்கம்

மழைக்காலங்களில் மழை பெய்து முடித்த சிறி்து நேரத்தில் நம் கண்களில் அடிக்கடி தென்படுபவை ஈசல்கள். இந்த ஈசல்கள் கரையான்களின் முதிர்ந்த பருவம் ஆகும். ஆனாலும் ஈசல்கள் ஒரு நாளில் உருவாகி அழிந்து விடும் என்று தான் சொல்லப்படுகிறது அது உண்மை அல்ல. ஈசல்கள் ஒரு கரையான் குடும்பத்தின் தொடக்கமாகும். ஈசல்களை பற்றியும் கரையாக்களை பற்றியும் சில தகவல்களை இங்கு தொகுத்துள்ளேன் வாருங்கள் பார்ப்போம்.

• கரையான் Meaning in English - Termite
• ஈசல் Meaning in English - Flying Termite or winged Termite or Alate
• ஈசல்கள் இந்தேனேசியாவில் லாரன் என்று அழைக்கப்படுகின்றன 

கரையான்கள் ஒரு குழு இனமாகும். இந்த குழுவில் ஒவ்வொரு இனத்திற்கம் வெவ்வேறு பணிகள் உண்டு..

கரையான்கள் - Termite

• கரையான்கள் சுமார் 20 ஆயிரம் ஆண்டுகளுக்கு முன்னரே கிட்டத்தட்ட டைனோசர் காலம் முதலே இருந்து இருக்கின்றன. பல தொல்பொருள் ஆராய்ச்சிகளில் கரையாக்களின் தடயங்கள் கிடைத்திருக்கின்றன. 

• கரையான்கள் கூட்டமாக வாழும் ஆறு கால்களை கொண்ட பூச்சிகள் அவை அவற்றின் குஞ்சுகளை கூட்டமாக சேர்ந்து வளர்க்கின்றன.

• புற்றில் உள்ள கரையான்கள் 24 மணி நேரமும் விடாமல் சாப்பிட்டுக் கொண்டே இருக்கும்.

• உலகம் முழுவதும் உள்ள கரையான்களின் மொத்த எடை உலகத்தில் உள்ள மொத்த மனிதர்களின் எடையை விட அதிகமாக இருக்குமாம்.

• கரையான்களில் ஈசல் எனப்படும் முதிர்ந்த கரையாக்களுக்கு இறகுகள் உள்ளன. அது தன் புற்றில் இடப்பற்றாக்குறை ஏற்படும் சமயங்களில் புற்றை விட்டு வெளியே பறந்து சென்று தனக்கான இடம் கிடைத்த உடன் சிறகுகளை உதிர்த்துவிடும்.

• கரையான்கள் சலனமில்லாமல் அழிக்க கூடிய பூச்சிகள் இவை பேப்பர், மரம், தரை, மரத்தால் உருவான பொருட்கள் கூட உண்கின்றன.

• கரையான்களால் உலகம் முழுவதும் வருடத்துக்கு 5 பில்லியனுக்கும் அதிகமான பொருட்களை அழிக்கின்றன.

• உலகில் 2000க்கும் மேற்பட்ட கரையான் இனங்கள் கண்டடறியபட்டிருக்கின்றன.

கரையான் கூட்டினுள்

• ராஜா மற்றும் ராணி கரையான்
• வேலைக்கார கரையான்கள்
• சிப்பாய் கரையான்கள்
• ஈசல்கள்

போன்றவை இருக்கும்

ராஜா மற்றும் ராணி கரையான் பணிகள்

இனப்பெருக்கம் மற்றும் புதிய கரையான்களை உற்பத்தி செய்கின்றன.

வேலைக்கார கரையான்கள் பணிகள்

புற்றினை உருவாக்குதல் மற்றும் முட்டைகள், குஞ்சுகளை பராமாித்தல், உணவு சேகாித்தல்.

சிப்பாய் கரையான்கள் பணிகள்

புற்றினை  பாதுகாத்தல்

ஈசல்கள் - Flying Termite or Winged Termite 

ஈசல்கள்  எப்படி உருவாகிறது ? - How Flying Termite are Formed ?

• ராணி கரையான்கள் தன் புற்றில் இடநெருக்கடி ஏற்படும் சமயங்களில் ஒரு ஸ்பெசல் முட்டைகளை இடும். அவ்வாறு இடப்படும் முட்டைகளிலிருந்து உருவாகும் குஞ்சுகள் ஈசல் ஆக உருமாறும். 

• கரையான் இனங்களில் உள்ள ஈசல்கள் கொசு, தேனி போன்று பறக்கும் பூச்சியினம் கிடையாது. அவற்றால் குறிப்பிட்ட தூரத்திற்கு மேல் பறக்க முடியாது. விளக்கமாக சொல்லப்போனால் அவை மூக்குத்தி பஞ்சு போன்றுதான் தன்னுடைய விதைகளை மூக்குத்தி பஞ்சு சுமந்து கொண்டு செல்வதை போல் தான் இந்த ஈசல்களும் தன்னுடைய புதிய புற்று உருவாக்கவே குறிப்பிட்ட தூரம் வரை செல்ல இந்த சிறகினை பயன்படுத்துகின்றன. பின்னர் சிறகுகளை உதிர்த்து விடுகின்றன.

• ஈசல்கள் அதன் இனப்பெருக்கம் மற்றும் புதிய புற்றுகளை உருவாக்கும் நோக்கத்துடன் ஒன்றாக ஒரே நேரத்தில் கூடி பறக்கின்றன.

• சிறகுகளை இழந்த ஆண், பெண் ஈசல்கள் புதியதாக புற்றினை உருவாக்கி அதன் ராஜாவாகவும், ராணியாகவும் இருக்கும்.

• ராணி ஈசலானது வெளிர் வெள்ளை நிறத்தில் லார்வாக்களாக முட்டைகள் இடும். அவ்வாறு இடப்படும் முட்டைகளிலிரு்ந்து வேலைக்காரக்கரையான்கள், சிப்பாய் கரையான்களை உற்பத்தி செய்யும். 

• ஒளி ஈசல்களை ஈர்க்கும் அதனால் தான் மழைக்காலங்களில் வெளியே வரும் ஈசல்கள் நம் வீடுகளிலும், தெருக்களி்லும் உள்ள ஒளி உமிழும் விளக்குகளை நோக்கி படையெடுக்கின்றன.

• ஈசல்கள் பழுப்பு நிறத்தில் இருக்கம் அதன் தலையில் இரண்டு ஆண்டெனாக்களை கொண்டுள்ளன. இரண்டு ஜோடி இறகுகளை கொண்டிருக்கும்.

• ஈசல்களை போலவே எறும்புகளின் இனத்தி்லும் இதேபோல் பறக்கும் எறும்புகள் உண்டு.

• ஒரு புற்றிலிருந்து  வெளிவரும் ஈசல்களில் குறைந்தது 60 சதவீதம் ஓணான், பல்லி, பறவையினங்களுக்கு உணவாக மாறிவிடுகின்றன. மிஞ்சியவை அடுத்த புற்றை துவங்க செல்கின்றன.

கரையான்களின் ஆயுட்காலம் என்ன ? - What lifetime in Termites ?

• தொழிலாளர்கள் மற்றும் வீரர்கள் ஏறத்தாழ ஒன்று முதல் இரண்டு ஆண்டுகள் வரை உயிர்வாழும்.
• ராணி கரையான்கள் வாழ உகந்த சூழ்நிலைகளில் பத்தாண்டுகளுக்கு மேல் வாழும்.

ஈசல் உணவுகள்

• பல நாடுகளில் ஈசல்கள் புரதச் சத்து மிக்க உணவாக உண்ணப்படுகின்றன..

கரையான் நன்மைகள்

• கரையான்கள் கோழி வளா்ப்பில் கோழிகளுக்கு நல்ல தீவனமாக பயன்படுத்தப்படுகிறது.

கரையான் வளா்ப்பு

• கரையான்கள் கோழி தீவனத்திற்காக வளா்க்கப்படுகின்றன. அவற்றை வளா்க்க கிழிந்த சணல் கோணிப்பை, அட்டை. காய்ந்த மாட்டு சாணம், பேப்பா், கிழிந்த துணிகள் போன்றவற்றை மண் பானையில் வைத்து சிறிது தண்ணீா் தெளித்து தரையில் கவிழ்த்து வைத்தால் 5 - 10 நாட்களுக்குள்  கரையான்கள் உற்பத்தியாகிவிடும்,

கரையான் அழிப்பு 

• கரையான்கள் கோழிகளுக்கு உணவாக பயன்பட்டாலும் அவை மிக பொிய அளவில் வீடுகளில், அலுவலகங்களில் உள்ள பொருட்களுக்கு அழிவை உண்டாக்க கூடியவை. அவற்றினை அழிக்க பல நிறுவன கரையான் அழிப்பு ஸ்ப்ரேகள் உள்ளன. 
• www.amozan.in கிடைக்கும் சில கரையான் அழிப்பு ஸ்ப்ரேகள்

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Snake Bite - Symptoms And Treatments -First Aid For a Snake Bite

Snake Bite - Symptoms And Treatments -First Aid For a Snake Bite 

Snake Bite

1.      Snakes are reptiles that have teeth in their jaws (hence the name). They have no upper jaw bone, but they do have strong cheek muscles which enable them to open their mouth wide. This makes them perfect at biting and catching prey, like small mammals, birds and even other snakes. There are over 1,000 species of venomous snakes out there, including cobras, rattlesnakes, copperheads, mambas and coral snakes.

2.      Venom is a poison produced by some animals. It’s not meant to kill humans, it's just a defense mechanism against being eaten by predators. A single bite from a poisonous snake can cause death due to heart failure, kidney failure or breathing problems.

3.      Snake bites are rare, but they are dangerous because venom contains various chemicals that produce life-threatening symptoms. Symptoms of a snake bite include intense pain, swelling, blisters, vomiting blood, weakness, muscle paralysis, headaches, fainting and fever.

4.      Snake venom is injected into the victim through the fangs of the snake. When a person is bitten, he may feel immediate pain, followed by numbness and tingling in his hands and feet and sometimes nausea. If the bite involves a major artery, the victim could die.

5.      In the United States, most snake bites occur in rural areas where people hunt, hike and camp. People who live near bodies of water are especially vulnerable since many types of venomous snakes use rivers, lakes and streams for hunting.

6.      Snake bites can happen anywhere, anytime. According to the American Association of Poison Control Centers, there were about 21,700 cases of non-fatal snakebites reported from 2000 to 2010. Most victims suffered minor injuries, while only 1 percent required hospitalization.

How Snake Venom can kill you

Snake venom is a mixture of toxins produced by the snakes' glands that causes death after being injected into the body. It contains at least 50 different substances, some are enzymes, while others work together to create toxic effects. These toxins damage various organs of the body, including heart, liver, kidney, lungs, pancreas, muscles, nerves and brain. Even though humans have developed methods to treat snake bites, but not all patients respond well to treatment. Snake bite cases sometimes end up leaving behind permanent disabilities.

Snake Bite can cause bleeding

Bleeding can occur following a snake bite and may lead to death if not treated immediately. Snake venom can affect blood coagulation (the process that stops blood from clotting), causing bleeding. This results in weakness and loss of consciousness. Snake venom has been used to make anti-coagulants (drugs) to help prevent blood clots. However, these drugs do not always stop bleeding if administered too late.

Snake Bite can cause swelling

If your bitten by a rattlesnake, then it's likely you'll experience swelling around the area where the fangs penetrated your skin. Swelling usually begins to appear within 5 minutes of a bite and reaches its peak about 2 hours later. If left untreated, swelling can become life threatening.

Symptoms 

Snake Bite Symptoms is a condition caused when a human. Symptoms include pain, inflammation, red marks, blisters, swelling, fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, tingling, weakness and chills. They may not appear immediately after the snake attack, but they are usually present within a few hours after the bite occurred. Their appearance indicates that venom has been injected into the bloodstream of your beloved companion. These symptoms can be easily identified if you know them. Below we have listed some of the most common ones.      

Injection site swelling

The area around the wound will swell and turn red and warm. This is due to the blood clotting at the damaged area.

Swelling of lips

Swelling of lips is often caused by a lack of water intake. If this happens, your pet will look dry and thirsty.

Choking

Snake Bite Choking

When snake bites happen, they can cause a lot of damage to the body. When someone gets bitten by a poisonous snake, he/she could experience heart attack, respiratory failure, shock, stroke, kidney failure, loss of consciousness, etc. You should immediately seek medical help if you get bit by a poisonous snake, no matter how bad it feels at that moment.

Nature of Snake venom

1.      Snake venom can damage the blood vessels and cause internal bleeding. It also contains various toxic substances that may cause swelling and inflammation.

2.      A viper’s fangs are covered with sharp hard spines, which penetrate into the victim’s skin. These spines contain a neurotoxin that causes muscle paralysis and eventually death. This toxin is responsible for the symptoms of a snakebite, including pain, numbness, tingling, and swollen muscles.

3.      Some species of snakes have a neurotoxic substance in their saliva called cardiotoxin. Cardiotoxin works just like the venomous poison.

4.      Another poisonous substance present in snake's body is hemotoxin. Hemotoxin has many effects on the human body, but the most common effect is to cause severe bleeding from small capillaries. Hemotoxins act as a coagulant, preventing platelets from forming clots.

5.      There are about 3000 different kinds of venoms in the world according to some studies. Among these venoms, approximately 20 are fatal.

6.      Venom from certain types of spiders can also lead to poisoning, even though they don't inject any toxins directly into the bloodstream. Spiders produce a sticky fluid containing venom at the tip of their legs. When this liquid contacts a person, it gets absorbed through the skin and enters the bloodstream.

Snake bite First Aid

·         As soon as possible apply pressure to the wound to stop bleeding. If you can not do this yourself then seek medical help immediately.

·         Do NOT use ice cubes, alcohol or other chemicals to decrease swelling.

·         DO attempt to clean the area thoroughly using soap and water.

·         Try to keep the bitten area below the level of your heart.

·         Avoid licking, biting or scratching at the wound. This could spread the venom further into your body.

·         When indoors, avoid sleeping near windows or vents where snakes may enter.

·         Get medical attention right away. Do not leave the injured person until he or she has been evaluated by a doctor.

·         Seek medical attention immediately.

·         Drink plenty of fluids.

·         Report the incident to your local health department.

·         Take care of yourself - don't overdo it!

In conclusion, a snakebite can happen anywhere, so it's important to know what to look out for, and how to treat any injuries.

If you're lucky enough to survive the initial onslaught, then get medical help right away. It's best to go directly to a hospital emergency room rather than waiting until you feel okay. An adult usually needs 10 vials of anti-venom serum to neutralize the effects of a poisonous snakebite.

 

People who live in rural areas often lack access to antivenin serums. In fact, many doctors refuse to treat a patient unless they've received at least 5 vials of anti-serum. Another problem is that the vials of anti-snake venom serum are extremely expensive. They cost anywhere between $10 and $100 each.

 

Tiny Black bugs and Black bugs bite prevention and treatment medicines

Tiny Black bugs and Black bugs bite prevention and treatment medicines

Black Bugs

What is black bug bite prevention? 

Black bug bites, otherwise known as chigger bites, are caused by tiny parasitic insects called chiggers. Chiggers are often mistaken for ticks and spider bites but they are really quite different. They look like miniature wasps or bees but their sting is extremely painful. The best way to stop chigger bites from happening is by using repellent containing permethrin. Permethrin is effective against both mites and mosquitoes. So even though black bug bites are not actually mosquito bites, they can be prevented by using this type of insecticide.

Black bug bites can be prevented by wearing long sleeves and pants while outside, covering any exposed skin. Wearing gloves while gardening or working outdoors helps prevent getting bitten too. Insecticides for pets may help prevent future exposure to chiggers.

Itching is common after being infected with chiggers. Common treatments include antihistamines and cortisone creams. However, there are natural remedies for itching too. One is aloe vera gel. Aloe vera is soothing to irritated skin and contains antibacterial properties that can kill off the parasites. Another home remedy is apple cider vinegar. This acidic solution works to remove dead skin cells and bacteria. It can also reduce inflammation and itchiness. Drinking lots of water can also help remove toxins from the body. Allergic reactions to chiggers vary among individuals. For some it causes intense itching, swelling, redness, and pain. Others report only mild symptoms like burning, tingling, and numbness.

If you experience any of these symptoms, seek medical attention immediately. It will be important to note which areas were affected by the bites.

1. Itchy Skin

2. Redness

3. Swelling

4. Painful Nodules

Tiny Black Bugs and Black Bugs biting Prevention

Black Bugs Biting Itchy Skin

Black Bugs Biting Itchy skin can cause severe irritation and discomfort. They are tiny insects that live under the scale layer of a person’s skin. They secrete a sticky substance that irritates the skin and makes it red and itch. This condition often affects areas where the skin is exposed to insect bites such as ankles, feet, hands, face, neck, scalp, and body. It is called “Itchiness”. The term ‘itchy skin’ describes this condition.

Home Remedy For Itchy Skin

There are various home remedies for black bug biting itchy skin. Here are some effective remedies:

a. Apple Cider Vinegar + Honey

Apple cider vinegar has many health benefits. It helps to reduce inflammation and cure infections. Make a mixture of apple cider vinagar and honey. Mix together equal quantities of both and apply it directly onto the affected area. Cover it with clothing and leave it overnight. Wash off the next day. For best results, repeat twice per week. This treatment works well if done properly.

b. Lemon Juice + Water

Lemon juice is also very good at treating dry and flaky skin. Mix equal amounts of lemon juice and water. Apply it to the affected area and cover it with clothing. Leave it overnight and wash off the next morning. Repeat this remedy three times per week.

Black Bugs Biting Redness

Black flying insects called black flies commonly bite humans causing itching, irritation, redness, swelling, and pain. Black flies are often attracted to the human body through sweat and blood. They prefer warm temperatures and dark places. They may land on exposed skin but they rarely bite unless provoked. Their bites usually occur near areas where the hair coverings are thin, like the face, neck, arms, legs, and groin. Black fly larvae are called midges. Midges typically live on stagnant water and moist vegetation. People and pets can contract serious diseases from black fly bites. These illnesses include malaria, typhoid fever, dengue fever, West Nile virus, and St. Louis encephalitis.

A black bug bite is a sign of skin inflammation caused by a bacteria called Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This bacteria lives naturally in water and soil. Bacteria live peacefully in our bodies but they can change into harmful forms when their environment changes. When you suffer from acne, eczema, psoriasis, or any other type of chronic skin irritation, you face constant attacks from these tiny invaders. They’re usually harmless, but some types can cause serious infections if left untreated. Fortunately there are steps you can take to prevent further damage.

Cockroach : Facts - How to Get Rid of Cockroach - Cockroach killer

Cockroach: Facts

The term cockroach comes from the Latin word Coccinella, meaning scarlet. Cockroaches have been around since ancient times and have survived wars, plagues, and even extinction events. Today, they're not only surviving, but thriving and spreading across the globe. There are over 5,000 species of them and they are found almost everywhere on Earth.

These fast moving insects are often seen running across the ceiling and along the floor. Sometimes they'll hide in dark places like kitchen cupboards and crawl under furniture, making them hard to spot. Cockroaches have long and powerful front legs, two pairs of antennae, six jointed legs, and wings. Their bodies are oval-shaped and they may look somewhat similar to ants. But unlike ants, they don't live in colonies. Instead, each single cockroach lives alone.

cockroach

 

Cockroaches are known to be pests in our homes.  These creepy crawlies are basically harmless unless you're allergic to them. Cockroaches are actually arthropods (insects with jointed legs) and belong to the insect order Blattodea. You'll find cockroaches in many different species throughout the world. There's the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana; the German cockroach, Blattella germanica; the Oriental cockroach, Blatta orientalis; the brown cockroach, Blattella germanica; the black field cockroach, Pectobacterium atrosepticum; the house cockroach, Blatta sp.; and finally the tropical cockroach, Periplanetes tropicalis. All of these species have distinct characteristics that set them apart from each other. They can vary in size from about 1/8 inch to 11 inches long. 

The female cockroach lays her eggs in batches of 50 to 200. Each batch contains between 100 and 150 eggs, depending on temperature. Once she finishes laying her eggs, she buries them in the substrate using mucus secretions. She then begins looking for a place to live where she can raise her young. Cockroaches need water to survive. A single adult female cockroach can drink approximately 1 millilitre of water per minute. Adult cockroaches are sensitive to changes in humidity levels because their skins become dry if there isn't enough moisture in the air around them. If humidity is low, cockroaches tend to move away from lights, heaters and vents to keep themselves cool and moist.

Do cockroaches eat?

Cockroaches eat quite a bit. A female cockroach might consume up to 100 milligrams per day, while male cockroach eats about 20 milligrams. That's just 1/8th of a grain! While they do eat bacteria, mites, fungi, and algae, their primary diet consists of decaying food. This includes garbage, dead animals, meat, fish, fruit, vegetables, and even human faeces.

Unlike many other insects, cockroaches seem to really enjoy eating things that we humans would consider disgusting. Cockroaches are known to enjoy cheese, ice cream, chocolate, and coffee. They've been known to nibble at electrical wires and eat paint chips. But their favourite meals are sweet foods like candy, cake, and cookies.

In fact, cockroaches love sugar more than any other insect. One study found that cockroaches prefer honey to rotting meat. And when given a choice between sweets and rotting flesh, they chose the sweeter option every time. If you want to attract cockroaches to your home, keep your pantry stocked with sugary snacks. You can even try putting some sprinkles on the floor near where you store your food.

What do cockroaches do to humans?

While cockroaches aren't normally associated with disease, they can carry some nasty parasites. These parasites often lay eggs in the cockroach's body. When these eggs hatch, maggots burrow within the insect and start feeding. Usually, you won't notice anything until the roach dies, leaving behind hundreds of tiny worms.

Cockroaches can spread dangerous pathogens like salmonella and plague. They can also bite people and leave painful lumps. After being bitten, you could develop an infection if the pathogen enters your bloodstream.

How to Get Rid of Them Cockroache?

They are resistant to pain and injury, making them difficult to kill with poisons and pesticides. Cockroaches can withstand temperatures up to 140 degrees Fahrenheit without dying. Cockroaches can survive for several weeks if left alone, although they eventually starve to death.  Mix hot water with lemon juice, baking soda etc. for natural repellents and control by wiping the kitchen and areas where cockroaches roam.

 Some people think that roaches are dirty and smelly, but a closer look shows them to be clean. Their bodies don't smell because they excrete chemicals called cuticular hydrocarbons that repel bacteria and prevent stench-causing odours. Roach faeces, however, does leave behind a foul odour. To avoid this problem, you should use a cover over garbage cans to discourage cockroaches from entering them. Also, make sure that you remove any food scraps from your kitchen before disposing of them. Place garbage outside after dinner and store trash bags in a closed garage or shed. 

If you want to buy Cockroach Control Gel

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Some more information about cockroaches

• A cockroach can survive for up to two weeks after its head is cut off.

• Because cockroach blood lacks haemoglobin, its blood is white.

• Cockroaches are not the only ones who get infected no matter how dirty they live.

• A cockroach can hold its breath for 40 minutes while a human can hold its breath for only 30 seconds.

• In Australia, cockroach races are held on Australia Day, which is celebrated in January.

• Cockroaches are thousands of times more resistant to radiation than humans.

• Cockroaches are capable of surviving up to three months without any food.

• A pair of cockroaches can reproduce four lakh insects in a year.

• Newborn cockroaches turn into large insects in just seven weeks and are ready to breed.

• Cockroaches live in places like bathrooms, kitchens, and waste water tanks. Because that's where it gets its food.

• Hides during the day. They come out at night to search for their own food.

• Their name comes from their aggressive nature towards humans, cockroaches produce a foul-smelling liquid called “pheromones” which makes them extremely hard to eradicate. 

• If you don't want to get sick from cockroaches, make sure you thoroughly wash, peel and cook any fruit or vegetables before eating. 

• Cockroaches can live in places that we wouldn't expect, including our homes. How do they find their way? Cockroaches have a special type of sense organ known as Jacobson's organs inside their abdomens that allow them to detect vibrations from the ground and air. 

• A single cockroach can eat ten times its own weight in food each day. 

• Cockroaches are good recyclers, they use dead material to build nests and create underground chambers. 

• Cockroaches can fly, but not as well as birds. 

• Cockroaches are omnivores. 

• Cockroaches are able to breathe through their skin, and can even go without breathing for short periods of time. 

• Cockroaches are attracted to decaying matter. 

• Cockroaches can jump three times their body length in one bound. 

• Cockroaches have six legs - two pairs of walking legs and four pairs of antennae. 

• Cockroaches have five pairs of eyes. 

• Cockroaches are hermaphrodites. 

• Cockroaches are deaf. 

• Cockroaches lay eggs which hatch after around ten days. 

• Cockroaches are social creatures, and often travel in large groups. 

• In 2013, the U.S. Department of Agriculture raised concerns over the potential threat posed by the spread of cockroaches across the country via international trade. 

• Cockroaches carry many types of bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi. 

• Cockroaches can cause allergies and asthma. 

• Cockroaches can walk upside down. 

• Each female produces only one egg per week. 

• Cockroaches have a lifespan of approximately 50 years. 

• Cockroaches are blind . 

• Cockroaches don't sweat. 

• Cockroaches can swim and stay afloat using a system of internal gills. 

• In the wild, cockroaches prefer cooler environments than warm ones. 

• Cockroaches are commonly found in moist and dark places, such as cupboards, basements and under beds. 

• Cockroaches can climb vertical surfaces. 

• Cockroaches are highly mobile, capable of running at speeds of up to seven miles per hour. 

• Cockroaches are protected by a tough exoskeleton. 

• When disturbed, cockroaches may emit a loud hissing noise. 

• Cockroaches are scavengers and are sometimes referred to as garbage-eating insects. 

• Cockroaches can smell with their wings. 

• Cockroaches can hear frequencies between

Tiger |  Interesting Facts and Information about Tiger | Tiger Behaviour

Tiger information

The tiger is a large cat species native to Asia and parts of Europe and Africa. The Bengal tiger was considered extinct until the 1960s, but today it exists in southern India, Bangladesh, the Sundarban mangrove forests, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Thailand and Laos; And they were once widespread throughout Southeast Asia. The most important of the wildlife is the tiger. If a tiger is in a forest, it means that the forest is fertile.

The tiger has unique characteristics compared to other animals. The tiger is an animal that lives by demarcating a boundary for itself. A tiger does not leave this boundary. At the same time it does not allow other tigers to enter its territory. They delineate this boundary to search for prey and raise their young. Thus, the tigers that have a separate kingdom in the forest have their habitat in large areas of forest. Tigers keep their cubs with them until they are two years old. The cubs then seek their own habitat, separate from the mother tigers and carve out their own territory.

Female tigers are smaller than male tigers. The size difference between male and female tigers in large species is significant, with males weighing 1.7 times more than females. Male tigers have wider front paws than female tigers. A tiger's skull is similar to a lion's skull. It has a slightly longer optic posterior region. Bengal tigers are generally found in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan and Burma. Their habitats include grasslands, subtropical and tropical rainforests, scrub forests, moist and dry deciduous forests and mangroves. Male tigers typically weigh between 205 and 227 kg (450–500 lb) in the wild, while female tigers weigh an average of 141 kg. However, North Indian tigers and Bengal tigers are slightly fatter than those found in the southern parts of the Indian subcontinent. These male tigers weigh an average of 235 kilograms.

Tigers live alone and are nomadic animals. The habitat size range of the tiger depends primarily on the availability of prey. It also increases the chances of male tigers mating with female tigers. A female tigress has a home range of 20 square kilometres. However, the location is slightly higher than for males. They inhabit an area of ​​60–100 km2. The range of male tigers also includes the ranges of some female tigers.

The relationships between individual tigers are complex, and there do not seem to be any set "rules" for tigers to follow regarding territorial rights and transgressions. For example, most tigers avoid meeting each other. However, male and female tigers tend to share prey together. Female tigresses do not like male tigresses near their cubs.

When young tigresses first set up their nests, they set up very close to their mother's nest. The common area of ​​a tigress and her mother's territory decreases over time. However, male tigers occupy more space than their female counterparts. And they are expelled at a young age to set up a separate place. Male tigers mark their territory by spraying trees with urine and secretions from the anal glands. They also code by spreading and tracking waste.

Tigers often bathe in ponds, lakes and rivers. Tigers prefer to seek out water, not like other felines. During the hottest part of the day they often take a dip in the pools to relieve the heat. Tigers are very good swimmers.They can swim up to 4 miles. The lifespan of tigers in the wild is 20 years. Tigers kept in zoos have been found to live up to 30 years.

A tiger's vision

Tiger has good survival skills with strong eyesight. At night, tigers can see six times more clearly than humans. This is why it mostly hunts its prey at night.

The appearance of the tiger

The body of the tiger is characterised by vertical black stripes with reddish-orange hairs and pale underparts. The tiger has a muscular body, strong forelegs and a tail that is half the size of its body. The vertical black stripes on the body are unique to each tiger

Which countries have the tiger as their national animal?

Tiger is the national animal of India, Bangladesh, Malaysia and South Korea.

Food habits of the tiger

• Tigers eat big and medium sized animals in the forests. The favourite prey of tigers in India are sambar deer, bison, sital deer, wild boar, neelan deer, water buffalo and water buffalo. Sometimes they also eat leopards, pythons, bears and crocodiles.

• The tiger mostly hunts and feeds on animals like deer and wild cows.

• Tigers have the ability to drag and hunt animals that weigh more than themselves.

• Older tigers or injured tigers have become cannibals when they cannot catch their natural prey; Tigers sometimes eat plants for fibre.

How are tigers counted?

Tigers have been explored in the wild using different techniques. Tiger numbers have been estimated in the past using plaster prints of their footprints. New techniques are also being developed to assess genetics in their waste. The calculation is done by installing automatic cameras in the forest and recording the images

Tiger's teeth

A tiger's teeth. Large fangs are used to bite and kill prey. But they use their fangs to tear the curry while eating.

Tiger hunting skills

Tigers usually hunt at night. They usually hunt alone. Like most cat species, it can ambush and pounce from any angle and use its size and strength to dislodge large prey. Despite their heavy weight, tigers can run at speeds of 49-65 km/h. However, tigers can only travel very short distances at this speed due to their low density. Thus tigers need to be very close to their prey before they start attacking them. Tigers have excellent leaping abilities; It has been recorded to have jumped 10 metres horizontally.

Tigers often bite the throat first when hunting large prey. They use their forelegs to grab prey and drag it along the ground. A tiger pounces on its prey and strangles its prey until it dies. Small prey is bitten by tigers. Often kills by severing the umbilical cord, biting the trachea, or biting and severing the jugular vein or carotid artery. Tigers attack their prey with claws that are strong enough to crush the skulls of domestic animals. However, this method of attack is known to be rare.

Tiger breeding

Tiger breeding usually takes place from November to April. A female tiger is only fertile for a few days. Reproduction takes place during that interval. The gestation period of a tiger is 16 weeks. They usually give birth to 3 or 4 cubs at a time, each weighing around 1 kilogram. They are born blind and left alone. Tigresses raise them alone, protecting them in shelters such as thickets of bushes and rock crevices. The father of the cubs usually does not take part in raising them. If female tigers lose their previous litters, they are ready to give birth again in 5 months. The mortality rate of tiger cubs is very high - on average, half of the cubs are said to not survive past the age of two. Females reach sexual maturity at 3-4 years. Male tigers reach sexual maturity at 4-5 years On average, a tigress gives birth to an equal number of male and female cubs in her lifetime.

Benefits of Tiger to Humans

A tiger eats grass and plants like moose and bison, so if there are more tigers, there should be more bison and moose. In order for bison and moose to be abundant, they need to have plenty of grass and plant species to eat, and an abundance of grass and vegetation means that the area is green. If the forest area is green, it will increase the rainfall. Agriculture will flourish if rainfall increases. So there is a connection between human life and tigers

The reason for the destruction of the tiger

The biggest threat to tigers is habitat loss due to illegal international trade. Habitat destruction from logging, plantations, roads, mines, dams, human settlements, and hunting leads to population and reproductive decline.

What is a Seahorse? - The Complete Guide to Seahorses 

In this article we will give you some useful information about seahorses.

The Seahorse Facts

Seahorses are aquatic animals similar to fish, but they have no scales and their body is covered completely by a bony armour plate called a corona. These coronal plates have a row of spines running along the length of each vertebrae in the back that help them protect themselves from predators. The first seahorse fossils were discovered near present-day Australia and the fossil record shows that these creatures evolved about 200 million years ago. However, today we know that they are still alive today in some parts of the world.

There are two species of seahorses found in the wild, although there are only two recognized subspecies in existence today. The first subspecies is the Heteronema reidi (common name: Indo-Pacific seahorse) and the second subspecies is the Hippocampus erectus (common name: Atlantic seahorse).

The first specimen was discovered in 1839 near the coast of India. At that time the scientists thought that it was a fish, however, upon closer inspection they realised that it had four legs and a head shaped like a horse's, and gave it its scientific name 'Hippocampus'.

Today, many people think of seahorses as harmless animals that just sit around looking pretty, but these little creatures are actually quite intelligent and are highly social animals. They live in colonies where they often cooperate together to hunt down their prey. They communicate using clicking sounds when they want to find food and mating partners.

An interesting fact about seahorses is that they are able to change colour from dark brown to white, depending on what type of environment they're in. If they're in bright sunlight then they turn white, while if they're in shaded waters they turn black.

What Seahorses Look Like?

Seahorses (Hippocampus) are marine animals with a long body and tail fin, with nostrils at the top of their head, that breathe through gills. Their bodies are covered in scales.

Seahorses live in water environments ranging from tropical to polar seas across three oceans: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific.

There are over 100 different species of seahorse around the world. They have been known to dive down to 100 meters deep in search of food.

When seahorses are born they are covered in skin, which falls off after about 25 days.

Seahorses have no teeth; instead, they use plates called “teeth” located along parts of their body to crush prey.

Where Seahorses Live?

Seahorses live in both saltwater and freshwater environments around the world. Their habitats range from mangrove swamps, rocky reefs, coastal lagoons, estuaries, and even rivers. Seahorses have been known to be found in shallow waters along coral reef edges, where they use their special tail fin to move through muddy sand. They also make burrows in mud banks, sandy beaches, and rocky shores for protection. Seahorses are often seen swimming near underwater caves and overhanging ledges to get food and shelter from predators.

How Seahorses Grow Up?

As seahorse eggs develop, they slowly sink until they reach the ocean floor. At first, they float freely at the surface of the water, but later they attach themselves to stones and shells to protect them. When they are ready to hatch, they release a sticky substance that keeps their babies attached to the substrate. Once the baby seahorse reaches about three inches long, it begins to break free from its shell and fins are visible. A few weeks after hatching, the seahorse grows to about six inches in length. As the fish matures, it becomes darker in coloration, developing larger scales on its body. It eventually develops longer spines and longer whiskers on its snout and mouth.

What Seahorses Eat?

Seahorses eat microorganisms and small invertebrates, including crustaceans, mollusks, worms, and insects. They are also attracted to algae and plankton, which makes them ideal for cleaning up polluted areas.

Why Seahorses Are Important?

Seahorses play a role in maintaining healthy ecosystems, especially in tropical areas. Because they help cleanse and replenish the environment, they are great indicators of environmental quality. Seahorses are also important as prey species, providing food for various marine animals. In some cases, they act as mothers to young who were not born naturally. If the mother was killed, the baby would remain unattended until he or she could swim away on his or her own power, 

Cause of Seahorse Extinction?

Seahorses reproduce slowly—they lay eggs only once per year and spend much of their lives attached to the substrate, making them particularly vulnerable to being caught by humans. In addition to fishing practices, habitat loss caused by coastal development and pollution pose additional threats to seahorses.

Seahorses Life Span

seahorses only live around 7 years. 

In conclusion, sea horses are beautiful creatures that inspire us with their elegance and grace. We hope you enjoyed this post!

 

Explained : Ambergris | uses of ambergris | What is ambergris?

Ambergiris

What is ambergris?

Ambergris is a waxy substance that is produced by marine mammals. It originates from bile and gallbladder and is excreted through their feces after digestion. From early times, ambergris was used as a natural incense. Its unique aroma and its ability to absorb smells makes ambergris useful as a perfume ingredient. Ambergris solidifies at -18°C and melts at 25°C. When melted, ambergris becomes liquid again. This property allows us to produce different types of compounds from this wax. 

Ambergris

Ambergris is a rare substance produced by sperm whales that is used as an incense, perfume, soap, toothpaste, and medicine. This waxy solid material is made from hardened feces that is ingested by the whale. When the whale dies, it may live for several days after being stranded due to its size and weight, before eventually dying. When this happens, the whale can produce anywhere between 2-20 pounds of ambergris per day. A whale could produce this amount for decades, but only after consuming thousands of tons of krill.

Ambergris price

This substance is used to make perfumes that smell great and last longer. Perfume makers use ambergris in their fragrances because they believe that it gives off a musky scent that lasts longer. Usually, perfume companies sell this perfume maker at around $25 per gram.

What do we use ambergris for? 

Cleaning and Deodorizing

Ambergris is used both externally and internally for its many beneficial properties, including cleaning and deodorizing. External applications range from body care items to household cleaners. Internal use has proven to help those suffering from ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease.

Healing

The therapeutic benefits of ambergris are quite extensive. It helps heal wounds, burns, scars, and abrasions. Ambergris is even used to promote healthy hair growth. However, it should never be taken internally without first consulting your doctor.

Perfumes

Scent plays an important role in our lives. It can be used therapeutically as well; it has shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and can be used to treat arthritis and rheumatism. Ambergris has been used as an additive to perfumes for hundreds of years. It makes fragrances smell better but does not change their scent. It does add a creamy texture to scents but does not alter the original. It is added to some perfumes to preserve the fragrance.

Ambergris smell

Ambergris is a waxy substance secreted by sperm whales as a defense against predators. Ambergris is used in perfume making, pharmaceuticals, etc. This oil has a unique pungent odor. The only place where ambergris can be obtained commercially is from the intestine contents of sperm whales.

How does it work?

The smell comes from sulfur compounds present in the wax, giving us a hint at its original use. Sulfur is what gives ambergris its characteristic color. The chemical composition of this oil consists mainly of fatty acids and sterols, along with some sesquiterpenoids, triterpenoids, and steroids.

Why is ambergris illegal?

Ambergris is the dried excrement of sperm whales. It contains a number of fatty substances, including waxes and triglycerides. This material has been used for thousands of years in perfume making. However, the substance has recently garnered attention due to its value as a recreational drug. A small amount of this organic material may be harvested without harming the whale. Unfortunately, the extraction of ambergris from the whale presents many problems. As a result, the substance was banned from being collected until 1977.

The ban was imposed after a series of incidents where large quantities of ambergris were accidentally released into the environment. When whales are hunted, their stomachs often rupture, causing the excrement to spill onto beaches. After the accidental release of ambergris in 1972, several beachfront resorts were severely damaged. 

In 1976, a fisherman had a boat accident, and some of his cargo spilled into the ocean. The incident caused a similar effect to what happened before. Several beaches were affected and became contaminated with ambergris. The substance is still considered extremely dangerous, even though it does contain chemicals. In order to prevent any further accidents, the harvesting of ambergris was prohibited.

How to find ambergris?

Ambergris is a waxy substance found inside a sperm whale's intestines. Ambergris was used in ancient times to help ease constipation. However, scientists discovered that ambergris could also increase intelligence. It does this by increasing serotonin levels in the brain.

It is believed that ambergris was first discovered in Roman times. However, it wasn't until the early 19th century that ambergris became popular. This is because it would only be used for medical purposes until this time.

Ambergris has many uses including the production of soap and perfume. However, it can also be found in medicine. One example is for the treatment of depression. Therefore, it is commonly known as a mood elevator.

Since ambergris is highly sought after, there are some things that you should know before purchasing some. First off, you need to understand what ambergris looks like. It doesn't look like anything else. It usually smells earthy but sometimes has a sweet scent. It can vary in color from light yellow to dark brown. Since it is waxy, it does not melt easily.

Ambergris is often found floating around coral reefs. They tend to be concentrated near shorelines. The most common location is around Madagascar where they are located along the Indian Ocean.

Many whale hunters will use nets to catch them. When caught, they are pulled into a boat by rope. After being taken to shore, the ambergris is stored in cool places. Most people prefer to store it in their basements.

There are several different ways to extract the ambergris. The most traditional method is to dig it out through a large hole in the stomach area. Another method is to remove the stomach through surgery. Then the ambergris is placed in water to dissolve. Once dissolved, they filter it through a sieve and then strain it again.

Once extracted, the ambergris goes through a process called steaming. During this process, the liquid turns clear or white. It is then filtered and heated. Heating it allows the wax to separate itself from the liquid.